Looking Back On The Community Service - 969 Words

Introduction to the Reflection Looking back on the community service events I went to, as a student of social work I benefited. When asked to do it I was nervous, because I didn’t know if I would have time. Doing 40 hours this semester I thought would be challenging. Also having it determine if I pass or fail the class was scary. When told to do the community service I wondered what I can do. I didn’t have a car, so going to places would be hard. Finally midway through September I started to do it, and didn’t procrastinate. I realized I am a part of an organization who go out and do community service. Just so happen I am also the community service representative. My job is to come up with events, so I had resources at my disposal. Organizations and Agencies of Community Service In September I did a few community service, and or took part in where it lead up the following months. One of my organizations Diversity for Society had a fashion show they hold every year. I asked to be a part of it, because they do great things for our campus. The fashion show has women, and men of all shapes and sizes. Showing everyone it doesn’t matter what size you are. We are all beautiful doesn’t matter what you weigh. What my job was to help set up, and make sure the clothes were ready to be worn. My other organization I am community service rep we had a guess how many contest. We were raising money for our local fire department. They are volunteer so every equipment is paid out of pocket.Show MoreRelatedRecruiting The Right Personnel For The Community Service Industry825 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing trend that has impacted the community service industry. The time that people have devoted to giving back and doing service for the community not only benefits not only themselves, but also those of the less fortunate. Volunteers are looking for opportunities to show their dedication but want their actions to be acknowledged and appreciated. It is vital to recognize volunteers within the organization but also to acknowledge their accomplishments within the community. Volunteer managers are workingRead MoreThe Introductory Video Of Module One1177 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The introductory video of module one provides an overview of the course of what is to be expected for the assignments and the service-learning practicum. Professor Zinga introduces the online course giving a basics outline discussing the online course work and placement. She provides a second video as a walk through of module one covering the main component of the class by giving a detailed step-by-step instructions for the module one. The videos were a useful guide to following alongRead MoreEssay on Communication Technologies in Canada1407 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent era by providing its customers more than one services. Rogers now provide services such as Cellular, Digital PCs, Paging, and data communication, and Cable television, high-speed internet access and also video retailing, and radio and television broadcasting, tele-shopping, publishing and new media business.4 Rogers is also a big part of the community, they demonstrate its continued commitment to earning the goodwill of the communities5 through their support funds. They provide supportRead MoreA Report On Open Text Corporation1605 Words   |  7 PagesThe two main products offered by Open Text Corporation are Enterprise Information Management and Enterprise Resource Management. Enterprise Information Management provides businesses with security for valuable information. The EIM program offers services that allow one to build cohesive information management strategies that will leverage existing assets, therefore meeting needs and creating a better foundation for future plans. The program also allows businesses to expand at quicker rates, lowerRead MoreIs Community Service Necessary?937 Words   |  4 PagesCommunity service is something that doesn’t only improve us, it also benefits the broader public. A community is similar to a puzzle, without one of the pieces it is never flaw less. Even though people at times contemplate that their retribution is meaningless, they’re truly not looking at the bigger picture. Personally when I volunteered at Sanford Health, I didn’t focus on who I was truly helping or whether or not it was making a difference. This volunteering experience, I considered to be a serviceRead MoreSelfishness in High School828 Words   |  3 Pages The students are bombarded with comments on why they should join this one or that one. There are the community service clubs, the outdoors/sports clubs, and the academic clubs. A majority of the students across the nation will be joining some type of club. The ones that have the most members are the community service clubs. Why are so many high school students volunteering for community service? Is it because they genuinely care about helping others? Or is it that it will help them get into theRead MoreLearning Team Organiztional Structure1012 Words   |  5 PagesFicken Jr Abstract Target is the second leading retail store in the U.S behind Walmart. Target is looking to be more competitive in the retail market in the next 2 years by changing the way they do business and focusing on what really matters, i.e. The brand they are selling to customers. Target is looking to adapt to the way their customers shop and focus on their legacy while giving the best service possible. Target is successful in ways that have charted the retail industry. They have changedRead MoreYakima Valley Farm Workers Clinic1401 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization that continues to look to grow within the lower valley community and the outer rural areas within the Pacific Northwest. Most of the competitive YVFWC has to deal with are hospitals like Prosser Memorial, Sunnyside Community Hospital, Toppenish Community Hospital, Our Lady of Lourdes, Walla Walla General (Providence Health Services), Trios Health, Good Shepard, and Kadlec Regional Medical Center (Providence Health Services). Thes e are just a handle full that YVFWC has to compete via hospitalRead MoreEssay On UCLA Is The School For You878 Words   |  4 PagesRyan for poetry, Jonathan Gold for criticism, then Marvin J Sherman for biography and autobiography. UCLAs sports program has over 114 NCAA tiles. Last but not least, the nine National Science Medals won by the phenomenal science program at UCLA. Looking through UCLAs impressive list of awards, UCLAs achievements are not dwelled on, but based on optimism which keeps them consistent. Academics are the highlight of UCLA’s program, and makes a huge impact on all student’s future. The highly rankedRead MoreTamalpais Union High School District Budget Cuts Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesPrivatize Janitorial and Food Services: The Eau Claire School District has decided to privatize janitorial services in a way to reduce their operational expenses over the next year. The board members approved a contract with Genuine Janitorial Service, which will save the district an estimated $50,000 to $75,000 in the first year and likely more in future years. This is not the only districts to looking at hiring a private firm to ruin its janitorial and food services, which provides a good alternative

The American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis - 903 Words

The American Dream: A Fruitless Endeavour The 1920’s, famously known as the Jazz Age, was a major turning point in America’s soaring economy. However, as a result, amassing wealth in exorbitant amounts and throwing extravagant parties became socially acceptable and the conservatism and the old-fashioned values of the 19th century were left behind. The roaring twenties also coincided with the prohibition period which saw bootleggers make millions off the sale of contraband and brought life to underground revelry. Contrary to his predecessors, Scott F Fitzgerald, the author of The Great Gatsby (1926), saw this period as a manifestation of materialism within American values, tainting them in his eyes. In the novel, Fitzgerald positions†¦show more content†¦This represents the pinnacle point in the novel, where Gatsby ties all his ambitions for wealth and class, his pursuit of the American Dream, to Daisy Buchanan. However, Daisy, a married mother, crumbles under the weight of the ideals and dreams Gatsby has instilled in her and as a result retreats to her husband Tom, despite her affection for Gatsby. It is his inability to accept defeat and his insatiable pursuit of wealth and class that ultimately leads to his demise. Subsequently, Fitzgerald suggests that Gatsby’s inevitable failure to win over Daisy, in turn represents his unattainable and materialistic pursuit of The American Dream. Myrtle Wilson also reinforces the idea that the American Dream is unattainable and corrupt. She is of low social standing, however she believes she married below her class and values herself as a high standing individual. Similar to that of Gatsby, she alters her persona in attempt to Mrs Wilson had changed her costume some time before, and was now attired in an elaborate afternoon dress of cream coloured chiffon, which gave out a continual rustle as she swept about the room. With the influence of the dress her personality had also undergone a change. The intense vitality that had been so remarkable in the garage was converted into impressive hauteur. (33) It can be seen that Myrtle puts on a faà §ade in front of others to make her seem that she is of high social standing and flashes aroundShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis1497 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald’s novel, the Great Gatsby is one of the most meticulously written story of all time. This book incorporates different themes, yet the shadiness of the American Dream is the most significant one. The American Dream designates that one starting very low on their economic or social status and getting success and wealth trough their arduous work. Having a big house, a nice car and a happy family show the success of the American Dream. This dream is also shown by the concept of a self-madeRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis749 Words   |  3 PagesThe Great Fantasy Idealism is the paramount theme in â€Å"The Great Gatsby.† Each of the characters have a craving for self-definition and a high position in society. The story is shaped by the ideals each of these characters hold. These ideals allude to the American Dream, along with the superficiality and corruption associated with it. Fitzgerald uses Jay Gatsby as a medium to portray hopeless romanticism, fantasy fueled ambition, and failure to achieve self-contentment. Gatsby is characterizedRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis1744 Words   |  7 Pagesthe American Dream From a distance, the American dream is a hopeful one- that anyone, regardless of race, class, or gender, can become successful and wealthy if they possess ambition and the ability to work hard. However, when scrutinized, this rosy view clearly shows ignorance towards societal issues such as misogyny, racism, and income inequality and instead focuses on the notion of having an extravagant home, fancy cars, and a happy family- all of which symbolize the great American dream. FitzgeraldRead MoreAnalysis Of The American Dream In The Great Gatsby1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream is one of the most prevalent themes in The Great Gatsby. It is essentially the belief that, regardless of social class, anyone can become wealthy and famous. In the novel, Jay Gatsby attempts to reunify with Daisy Buchanan by achieving great wealth, but he fails and dies having been unsuccessful in his mission. Though it may appear to some that Gatsby, the main character of the novel, has achieved the American Dream, it turns out to be a massive illusion. When, following Gatsby’sRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis906 Words   |  4 PagesTorres Mrs. Heffelman English 11 September 26, 2017 The American Dream can mean a lot of different things depending on who is asked. Some will answer that it is the freedom of religion or the ability to move between class. Others define it as the ideal that every US citizen should have an equal opportunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work, determination, and initiative. For Jay Gatsby and many others, the American Dream is about gaining wealth and material possessions in the attemptRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis1367 Words   |  6 Pagesidea of the American Dream, where qualities of hard work and ambition are shown. The novel The Great Gatsby by Scott Fitzgerald embodies many themes; however the most significant one relates to the corruption of the American dream. The American Dream is defined as someone starting low on the economic or social level, and working hard towards prosperity and or wealth and fame. By having money, a car, a big house, nice clothes and a happy family symbolize s the American dream. This dream also representsRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis1428 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald contains many themes; however, the most noteworthy one identifies the American dream. This Dream likewise speaks to that people, regardless of who he or she is, can emerge to rich in life through their own works. The dream is spoken to with the aid of the mind of an unbiased man or woman, who strives to perform an objective to become tremendously effective. The Great Gatsby is a novel that indicates what happened to the American Dream in the 1920s, which wasRead MoreThe Great Gatsby American Dream Analysis761 Words   |  4 Pagesobtained. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald suggest that the American Dream is an illusory, the people who pursue it are Gatsby, Daisy, Tom, and Myrtle, and this pursuit is ultimately unattainable. In the roaring twenties known as the Jazz Age, many people wanted to become rich, most people were bootleggers and Wall Street stock brokers. Alcohol was illegal and the Wall Street stocks were higher than ever before. The Great Gatsby is an extended critique of the American Dream. And this critiqueRead MoreThe American Dream In The Great Gatsby Analysis758 Words   |  4 PagesThe American dream is a idea that anyone can reach prosperity and success by determination and hard work. Everyone has equal opportunity to achieve this dream. This may not be the case in this tragic love story, The novel The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald. By corruption, unfaithfulness, and entitlement we see a different view of the American Dream. Through the characters and plot in the novel, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald suggests the pessimistic view that the American Dream of social mobility is aRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The American Dream Analysis1086 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The American Dream is th at dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.† This quote by James Adams shows the concepts of a dream that is linked to hard work and opportunity. In Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Ridley Scott’s American Gangster, Gatsby and Frank portrays the theme of the destructive nature of dreams. The Great Gatsby follows the story of a charming yet mysterious man named Gatsby

The Impacts Of Hazardous Waste On Nature Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Industrialization has caused a huge sum of risky compounds to come in our ecosystem and finally have a negative consequence on ecological diverseness, H2O handiness and human nutrient concatenation. The past century has seen worlds populate and present a big figure of risky chemical substances into the natural environments. Waste merchandises from industries, agricultural procedures, structural stuffs, medicine/drugs, e-wastes and pesticides which all destructively consequence the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impacts Of Hazardous Waste On Nature Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ambiance, biosphere and the hydrosphere, work in unison together to supply a habitable environment to the life being of the universe. Chemicals penetrate dirt, enter the air as emanations and the H2O as wastewater, finally poisoning aquatic beings and impacting the dirts ability to back up workss. Carbon dioxide which is the chief subscriber to the nursery consequence and clime alteration is besides caused by industrial emanations. Chlorofluorocarbons caused ozone depletion planet and over decennaries has caused an inflow of ultraviolent radiation into our planet. Pesticides and fertilisers from farms and gardens overflow into the H2O supply doing eutrophication, the physique up of algae in the river and lake systems doing decease to aquatic beings and doing it impossible to last. There are besides some unsafe chemicals which enter the dirt and groundwater doing familial defects in workss and beings doing it difficult to last and reproduce, therefore doing extinctions of certain workss and carnal species. A survey conducted in Southeast Ukraine found that 0.8 % of the Dnepropetrovsk Region remains portion of the one time 100 % natural ecosystem. This part is known for its huge supply of natural resources. Due to provide industries populated and began mining and fabrication, utilizing and huge sum of resources and bring forthing a big supply of waste, accordingly destructing the environing environment. Hazardous stuffs in ambiance, dirts, flora and H2O were badly contaminated and trials were conducted to find the badness of the issue. Gritsan, NP. , Babiy, AP. , 2000 found In Dnepropetrovsk Region, the release and composing of industrial emanations caused the hapless air quality. In respects to the dirt it was found countries non populated by industries where clean and pollution free, whereas the countries like Dnepropetrovsk and Dneprodzerzhinsk which had a high concentration of environmentally degrading industries consisted of chemicals such as Fe, Cu, Zn, lead and fluoride and where found in high concentrations. † It was determined that concentrations of fluorides in workss turning near big or specific industrial companies were up to 15 times higher than normal. † ( Gritsan, NP. , Babiy, AP. , 2000 ) Food is a necessity for endurance and get downing from hapless disposal or industrial waste we are faced with a job that produces a concatenation of events stoping up in the blood supply of developing fetuss and the blood and tissues of kids, grownups and wildlife species. Man-made risky compounds are come ining animate beings through exposure, inspiration or ingestion. These risky compounds produced by industrial procedures accumulate up the nutrient ironss, inappropriate disposal and leeching from waste and landfill sites and stop up in the natural environment and finally in the manufacturers and consumers. Worlds are the top of the nutrient concatenation and hence consume the overall accretion of risky compounds. A study conducted by Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek ( Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research: TNO ) in the Netherlands shows that many of the different types of risky compounds exist in human blood indicating that worlds are exposed to these chemicals. Exposure can be through additives to consumer merchandises or through nutrient merchandises. Since many of these chemicals have a lipophillic nature they bioaccumulate in the nutrient concatenation. The TNO group tested manmade chemicals and found that many of th e compounds where nowadays in nutrients at a concentration of 0.1 to 10 ng/g. The World Wildlife Fund ( WWF ) study Chain of Contamination the Food Link found besides that the most of import exposure path for many of semisynthetic chemicals was through a bioaccumulation. Chemicals being DDT ( DDT ) a man-made pesticide and Polychlorinated Biphenyls ( PCBs ) which are organochlorine found in early industrial merchandises. DDT and PCBs are passed through diet. WWF conducted trials on organochlorine, polychlorinated Biphenyls, brominated fire retardent, perfluorinated chemicals, phthalates, unreal musks, Alkylphenols isomers of nonylphenol and organotins and found all these risky compounds to be present in nutrient merchandises across seven different states. The trials provide an penetration into the earnestness of this planetary job. Food being one concern, H2O handiness is another major concern. Many workss and animate beings need freshwater to last and risky compounds are come ining waterways and polluting fresh water, doing it unsafe and unsuitable for ingestion. Slavek Vasak, Rianne Brunt and Jasper Griffioen in their study â€Å" Arsenic in Groundwater † research maps of groundwater taint based specifically on ; happening of no fresh H2O, high flouride, high arsenous anhydride, high nitrate and the pollution from assorted beginnings. In their research they found many states to hold contaminatd H2O but really diffucult to nail less developed countries around the universe with the same job. Many states rely on groundwater for thier H2O supply and do non hold the resources and fundss to develop ways to take the chemicals from the H2O and are forced to devour contaminated H2O. Hazardous compounds have been used since the beginning of industralisation and it is merely in the past decennary or two where the effects of these compounds have affected our natural ecosytems and manner of life and still their full affect on iving things may non yet be known. New chemicals and merchandises are being manufactured mundane all in which may do injury to the the environment. E-waste is a authoritative illustration of recent merchandises incorporating types of chemcals which are harmful to the environment. In 2005 an estimated 697,000 metric tons of electronic and electrical equipment was consumed while 313,000 metric tons was disposed. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.environment.gov.au/settlements/waste/electricals/index.html, 12/05/10 ) E-waste contains risky stuffs including quicksilver, lead, arsenic brominated fire retardents, Be and Cd. If non desposed right potentailly all the compounds present can leach into natural ecosystems and cause terrible nowadays and future jobs. Australia and the universe recognize they are faced with a planetary job in respects to risky wastes. They strive to restrict and forestall any amendss on the natural environment. In 1992 â€Å" The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal † ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.environment.gov.au/settlements/chemicals/hazardous-waste/conventions.html 14/05./10 ) was implemented and in 2002 was sanctioned by 151 states including Australia. Australia signed the Basel Convention in 1992. The Convention is implemented in Australia by the Hazardous Waste ( Regulation of Exports and Imports ) Act 1989. ( http: //www.environment.gov.au/settlements/chemicals/hazardous-waste/conventions.html, 14/05/10 ) . It forced states to environmentally pull off risky wastes in a safe manner when importation and exporting. In implicating the minimisation of risky waste production, supplying disposal installations, cut downing the motion of risky waste, pull offing waste with respects to the environment and prevent and punish illegal traffic of waste. In visible radiation of the above there are options at a local graduated table where concerns and persons can forestall risky waste jobs in many ways ; risky compounds can be recycled, diminish the usage of risky stuffs in production, better labeling and record maintaining of stuffs, better storage and supply safer transit methods The environment is a complex system made up on interrelated ecosystems and any changes can do dramatic impacts on present and future environments. The impact of worlds is besides complex we live a complex life style and as we progress technologically and as a species we do it at the disbursal of the environment. The extinction of species along the concatenation may intend the loss of utile familial stuff or life salvaging malignant neoplastic disease drugs or safer options to the unsafe chemicals in usage at the minute. In order to battle this job we need to weigh out the hazard and benefits of a munificent life style and happen options to go on progressing without destructing the natural environment. How to cite The Impacts Of Hazardous Waste On Nature Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Business foundation Of Metro AG Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business foundation Of Metro AG. Answer: Introduction Metro AG is a global retail company based in Germany and deals in wholesale and cash and carry business. The mentioned Company established in 1964 has its headquarters in Dusseldorf city of Germany. The following company is the fourth largest retailer of the world based on the amount of Revenue generated in a year. The company is a global pioneer in cash and carry business of the world. It is represented in 25 different countries with over 750 self service wholesale stores. The Company achieved revenue of around 29 billion pounds in the fiscal year 2015-16 which is no doubt a remarkable achievement for the business organization. It has its presence across 25 countries with strength of over 750 self service centers. It employs around1,40,000 employees worldwide and is one of the largest employers of the globe. The management of the company always involves itself in providing different customized solutions to its varied range of customers. The presence of the company in such vast regio ns of the globe has defined its role as a global MNC. Background of the Company The Metro Cash and carry outlet in India commenced operations in the year 2003 with the start no operations in Bangalore. Currently the company has around 24 wholesale centers across the country. The core group of customers of this famous wholesaler includes the small retailers, owners of medium and small shops, restaurants, hotels, corporate entities and many other different forms of business that operates in India. The Indian business of these retail giants includes a vast range of state of the art products that starts from vegetables, fruits, grocery, preservatives, bakery products, household items, fish, meat, confectionaries, electronics and many other different products that cater to different needs of the business and the service users. The Company has done a great job in promoting itself as a developer of the economy of India as it has employed a large number of local people in its value based stores and has been working successfully with agricultural farmers who provide them fresh fruits and vegetables in return of the proper market price. It is ranked 2nd amongst the list of the best places to work in India and has also received the CII National Award for quality and food safety. SWOT Table STRENGTH WEAKNESS Meeting the product requirements Proper and Efficient Network Quality staff in their ranks Largest Wholesaler of India The company does not spend money on advertisements through any kind of media Efficient and cost of operations is extremely low in India Tax Rates are high in India which makes it difficult to carry on efficient business Stores are located far off from the cities The Company only deals in wholesale business The imported items are charged with a high price Absence of transaction with common persons OPPURTUNITIES THREATS Large Expansion of business all around the globe Presence of 24 centers across India is a huge advantage All types of varieties under one roof As mentioned earlier absence of credit sales No discounts are available Presence of Wall-Marts in India Political conditions of India is a huge factor for the business Inflation Table No 1- SWOT Table Source-(Jahan and Hemant 2014) Market Description India is one of the largest economies of the world and has been a potent economic force of Asia as well as the rest of the world since the last decade. The rise in the economic condition of the market is a sign of the nations prosperity (Yadav and Raju 2013). As mentioned earlier the factors there are some key economic factors that have been helpful for Metro Cash and carry to establish its existence in the country, they are; Increase in the amount of consumer spending Increase in the Foreign Direct Investment Positive economic growth Proper and efficient infrastructure for logistics Establishment of other new industries On the other hand there are demand and supply factors as well which determine the market conditions of India. Some of the main factors that influence the demand and supply curve are; Income- Increase in the amount of disposable income of the people have made the consumers more confident as they are now able to afford more and more goods. Higher income can occur due to a variety of reasons like higher wages and lower taxes charged by the government. Substitutes- The increase in the price of the substitute products are helpful for the product of another organization with same characteristics. The increase in the price of the original product will lead to a fall in the sales figures and in turn will increase the sales of the rival product (Varshaa 2015). Advertising- Advertisement is one of the main factors that help to increase the brand loyalty of the goods and increase the demand of the products (Trebbin Franz and Hassler 2015). The higher spending on advertisements of the products is helpful to initiate a rise in the global sales of the organization. Complements- The price fall of a particular product will surely lead to the fall in the prices of the other peripheral products. Quality- In a place like India quality is the key to success in the market. Higher the quality of the product, higher is the demand for the product. Apart from the above mentioned factors the cultural context of India must be taken care of to make sure that the cultural heritage of India is not disrespected at any cost. Therefore all the above factors have a direct influence on the launch of a new product in the Indian market. Findings The classified findings have been a huge help for the organization. The research has been able to identify the different trends that are associated on the launch of a product by such a large scale wholesaler in the Indian market (Jahan and Hemant 2014). It is also amazing to find out that the management of the company used no form of electronic media to promote the product during or after its launch. Explanations of the SWOT Table Strengths The main aim of the management of the company is to meet the requirements of the new product so that it matches all the requisite criterion The presence of proper and efficient networks is an added advantage for the organization as such networks helps to promote the product easily The presence of efficient and trained staffs in the organization helps the organization to have a competitive edge in the market (Gilsenan et al. 2016) Metro is the largest wholesaler of India and thus launching a new product can be a great business initiative The organization is perhaps the one of its kind in the world as it does not spend a single amount in advertising in any forms of media which gives an idea of the powerful brand name and reputation Cost of operating a business is extremely low in India which is a great factor that helps the business to allocate a minimum investment Weaknesses Tax Rates in India is much more in comparison to other countries which makes life tough for foreign firms (Sinitcyna 2016) The distance of the stores is inconvenient for the users as the stores are generally located quite far away from the city. The distance is a main reason for the business to lose customers The Company does not deal in retail business and deals only in wholesale business. Thus common men are not able to buy products easily from the mentioned organization. The imported items of the company are charged heavily once they enter the Indian market which is one of the biggest negative factors in the business (Gopalakrishna Subramanian and Fleischmann 2016) Opportunities The expansion of the business all around the globe will help the organization to sell its new product in its other existing markets and increase the scope for the product Presence of 24 centers across India is a huge advantage for the organization as the product can be made readily available for the other consumers in other centers easily The availability of all kinds of products under one roof will help the customers identify the product easily while they explore the store (Shitole and Thyagarajan 2014) Threats Absence of credit sales does not help the organization as it loses out many potential customers Metro does not offer any discounts on its products which turns out to be a larger threat for the organization Presence of Wall-Mart in India has given Metro a stiff challenge in the coming days Political conditions of India is a huge factor for the business as because the businesses in India are often controlled by influential political parties Inflation in the last couple of years have slowed down the market growth of Metro and has presented a crisis situation in the market Recommendations According to Jahan and Hemant (2014) the absence of credit sales is certainly a negative factor that has an impact on the organization. However this is done mainly because of the bulk amount of products that are sold out to retailers (Schranz-Whitaker 2016). Metro generally deals with wholesale trading and thus credit sales are not supported by them. However things are changing gradually and the management of the company has introduced Smart Cards for the members of the stores with which they can easily transact with the help of the card. The company has also decided to offer discounts on its new products to make it seem friendlier towards the retailers and other small sellers. The management has also taken certain measures so that inflation does not have any such effect on it. Last but not the least the company is least worried about Wall mart as it has 24 integrated centers around India compared to some small units of Wall Mart (Oflazgil et al. 2016). Target Market The mentioned company aims to launch a new range of Travel kits and bags especially for the frequent travelers. The target market of the company is the frequent travelers including the leisure as well as the business travelers. However the management has decided to keep the price within a certain range as the product is kept in the middle class segment. The product is not too costly but its advanced features place it in a premium segment. The main aim of the Company is to create a world class travel kit to ensure that the travelers enjoy a hassle free travel. The management of the company has designed the product in such a way that it provides huge competition to other brands in the market. The product also has quite a number of varieties depending on its design. Some of them are designed normally while the others have a stylish design. New Product Description As mentioned in the earlier part the new range of travel kits has quite a number of varieties in it. The varieties are generally in the design as some of them are designed normally while the others have a stylish and attractive design. Existence of a large number of competitors has forced the organization to follow the cost effective policy which will be helpful for the organization to get a hold of the highly competitive market. The product has earned an ISO 9000 degree and is already regarded as one of the best in the markets prior to its launch. Customer Value proposition Customer Value Proposition is one of the marketing statements that describe the reason for a customer to buy a certain product or use a particular service (Kumar and Bansal 2015). The management of the mentioned Wholesaler has been able to set out a particular value proposition for the travel kits that includes; Best product with a low value Reduces the stress of travelling Targeted for the stylish and comfort loving travelers Justification of the choice of New Product The new product has quite a lot of attractive features that justifies its choice by the service users. The key justification of the product is its premium quality that is received in such low prices. The new products are used effectively and are meant for a safe, sound and a quality journey. The4 following reduces the stress of the journey and also reduces the travel time. Conclusion The following report is one of the few works on the wholesale marketing in a country like India. The detailed internal analysis of the problems that lies in the business along with the recommendations for solving the problems effectively has been extremely helpful for small wholesalers present in the country. The through analysis of the report thus helps to identify the weakness as well as the ways to avoid them. References Doan, P., 2016. RELATIONSHIP MARKETING-LOYALTY CARD. Gilsenan, M.B., Abbinante, F., O'Dea, E., Canals, A. and Tritscher, A., 2016. Open risk assessment: data.EFSA Journal,14(S1). Gopalakrishna, P., Subramanian, R. and Fleischmann, D., 2016. WALMART IN INDIA.Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies,22(3), p.99. Jahan, N.F. and Hemant, D.S., 2014. Emergence of cash and carry business model in india with special reference to metro stores.International Journal of Retailing Rural Business Perspectives,3(3), p.1064. Kumar, P. and Bansal, S., 2015. Swot analysis: what does fdi hold for the indian retail sector in 21th century?.International Journal of Research in Management, Economics Commerce,5(1). Oflazgil, K., Hocken, C., Schenk, F., Teschl, O., Lehr, T., de Boer, M., Schrder, C. and Alt, R., 2016. Smart. NRWRFID as Enabler for an Intelligent FMCG Supply Chain. InLogistics and Supply Chain Innovation(pp. 325-337). Springer International Publishing. Schranz-Whitaker, M., 2016.Supply Chain Excellence in the Retail Industry METRO AGA Case Study(Doctoral dissertation). Shitole, G.Y. and Thyagarajan, G., 2014. Consumers' Perception on FDI in Multi-Brand Retailing in India-A Study.Sumedha Journal of Management,3(1), p.4. Sinitcyna, E., 2016. Improving the competitiveness of Metro Cash Carry Ltd. on the Russian market of goods and services. Trebbin, A., Franz, M. and Hassler, M., 2015. Securing Local Supply in Rural Areas: The Role of Wholesale Cooperations in Central Hesse, Germany.Economic Development in Rural Areas: Functional and Multifunctional Approaches, p.131. Varshaa, H.G., 2015.A study on impact of metro wholesaling on retailing in karnataka(Doctoral dissertation, university of agricultural sciences gkvk, bengaluru). Yadav, S. And Raju, K.H.H., 2013. Swot analysis towards foreign direct investments in retail industry in india.International Journal of Entrepreneurship Business Environment Perspectives,2(3), p.590.

Best Methods for Oil Clean Ups

Abstract There have been a lot of reports covering issues related to oil spills in the world. The reports cover issues ranging from causes of oil spills to the effects of oil spills on the environment. This report is also covering some of the issues in a different perspective. The body of the report deals mainly with methods of controlling and cleaning up oil spills especially in the oceans.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Best Methods for Oil Clean Ups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since the beginning of petroleum industry, and subsequent occurrence of oil accidents, several methods have been developed to aid in the clean up of the mess. Oil companies are faced with the challenge of cleaning up the mess in the recent past. This is because environmental groups, animal rights groups and human rights activists together with other agencies have emerged with policies which can be quite detrimental to the smooth running of the companies that violate those policies. Although there are different methods of cleaning up oil spillage, advancement of these methods should be done in order to cope with the increasing challenges. A good example given in this report is the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The challenges faced by BP Oil Company attests to the fact that advanced technological input is needed in this area. The overwhelming task of solving the problem from its source proved to be a daunting task to the experts. Although it was a success, this incident left a negative mark on the environment that will not be forgotten for years to come. At the end of this study, the causes and methods of cleaning up oil spills will be crystallized. The effectiveness of these methods will also be known and the need for better facilities is greatly emphasized. Introduction An oil spill is a situation that occurs when crude oil is accidentally poured out so that its effects are directly felt by the environment. Oil accidents have been occurring since the beginning of the petroleum industry since it is quite impossible to mine oil without spilling some. The main causes of oil spills are accidents and operations at the port (Oracle, 2010). For instance collision is a familiar accident to mariners. Other accidents include explosions and groundings. Operations at the ports have also been causing small but several oil spills. Some of these operations include loading and discharging of oil.Advertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Basically there are two kinds of oil spills. One kind is the one that occurs on land. Land oil spills usually occur in confined localities. Thus they are easily contained whenever they occur. Also, they do not cause much alarm since the situation is usually localized. In this situation, pollution is also localized hence clean up is easy and the e ffects are not adverse. On the other hand, marine oil spills are quite familiar and thus infamous. Sine water moves with current, marine oil spills tend to spread over large areas thus causing far reaching environmental degradation. Oil spills in the oceans have been known to occur in different ways. The main causes of oil spills in marine environment are tankers. Tankers are large water vessels used to transport enormous volumes of crude or refined oil. When an accident occurs involving a tanker, it will cause it to release its contents into the sea thus causing an oil spill. Pipelines are also other source of oil spills in marine environment. When a pipeline is damaged crude or refined oil will be released into the sea causing similar damage to the environment. Thus the main sources which lead to the release of oil into the ocean are related to transport of oil. Offshore drilling does also cause oil spills when they explode or when there is an oil leakage. However, this is only bu t a small percentage of the total oil spills that occur in the world. As we move away from the causes of oil spills to the methods of cleaning up, we find that in between these situations, there is the environmental aspect. Environmental degradation occurs when oil is accidentally poured into water or ground. Sea dwelling animals will be affected to a great deal if measures are not taken to cub the situation. Shellfish, seals, corals and many others will experience difficulties in either breathing or in absorption of nutrients. Similarly plants and animals living at the shores will also experience a lot of problems in their livelihood. Turtles and birds in these areas are usually among the first animals to become victims of oil spills. In addition oil spills cause a lot of financial loss to the company in terms of wastage. For these and many other reasons, clean up activities are needed in order to prevent or tame the issue of environmental degradation and to recover the oil from th e spill. There is currently a number of methods oil companies use for clean up purposes. The methods range from natural to artificial techniques, and to more advance mechanized techniques. This report tries to dissect through the range of methods oil companies can use during clean up activities.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Best Methods for Oil Clean Ups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Causes of oil spills Oil spills are caused by many sources. These causes are: Accidents, whereby collision, hull failures and fires caused in the refineries and oil rigs can cause oil to spill over to the surroundings (Graham, 2010). Grounding is also another accident which is commonly experienced in the oil industry. This type of accident causes the greatest number of loss of oil whereby several hundreds of accidents have been known to cause loss of several hundreds of tones of oil. Operations of the routines in the port and terminals whereby small but several oil spills can occur while loading or discharging. This has been known to be the most common cause of oil spills (Graham, 2010). Factors affecting method of clean up of oil spills Several factors affect the choice of a clean up method. These factors include: Density of the oil in relation to water so that if the density of oil is considerably high, it will sink into the water. This will prompt the use of a method which can be able to separate water and oil using the physical attribute of density (Oracle, 2007). Temperature of water; if the temperature of water is high or increases, oil will tend to evaporate. Natural methods may be employed here. Hence methods that can separate water from oil in this temperature have to be used. Capacity of the oil spill; if the volume of the oil spill is high, more advanced techniques should be employed so that clean up and the recovery of the spilled oil may be quickened (Oracle, 2007). How near the spill is to the coast; if the oil spill is near to the coast, or it is in an enclosed area, methods to be used should be aimed at preventing the oil from reaching the continental shores. This will help in prevention against continental environment degradation so as not to affect birds and other animals inhabiting the coast. The methods to be used in this situation should also be aimed at reducing the impact of the spill to corals and other shallow water dwelling organisms. Wave action of the water mass; whereby methods to be used should be able to withstand the challenge of physical mixing of sea water and oil. These should be methods which are used to separate the oil from the water after the two have mixed. The weather, strength and direction of wind and currents; methods to be used here should include those that can withstand specific weather conditions while not effecting performance of their chores. Methods of clean up of oil spills may be natural or artificial. Artificial met hods may be low or highly technical. Less technical methods include skimming, burning of the oil, or even physically using containers to scoop it or prevent it from spreading. Highly technical approaches include the use of dispersants and the use of organic agents to break the oil down. All these techniques must be carefully studied before they are finally recommended to any kind of spill. Natural methods that use sunlight and wave action Presence of oil in water can be broken down to physically disintegrate it and make it easier to evaporate in the presence of sunlight (Davidson, Lee Cogswell). That is why some specialists usually ignore small oil spills that are susceptible to this natural method of clean up because their danger to the environment may be negligible. Since oil is less dense than water, it will float especially in the more dense marine water. Light crude oil can also float in fresh water. However, the heavier crude petroleum can sink especially in fresh water. If t he heavy oil sinks it mixes with water. This is because the oil gradually breaks down (Davidson, Lee Cogswell). If there are sands and other particles in the water, the mixture of crude oil and water and these particles will form tar balls (Clark, 2010). Tar balls are characterized by their small sizes, dark color and hard covering. But if they are to be broken, their inside is usually soft. They are often found separated from each other and scattered throughout the water. This is one of the reasons as to why tar balls are less risky to the environment than concentrated oil slicks. Other natural ways can be artificially induced. The use of sorbents (absorbents) has been applied lately in the exercise of oil clean up. A sorbent is a material which attracts and causes a liquid to adhere to its fabric. For instance human hair can be used in the clean up of oil spills. Certain companies make mats from human hair that has been donated. The mats can then be spread over an oil spill to se parate the oil from water. Good sorbents for this particular purpose are usually those sorbents that can attract oil and resist water.Advertising Looking for research paper on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Use of dispersants Dispersants are mostly used in areas around the tropics. A dispersant is a chemical which when applied to a substance will physically break it down into smaller particles (Clark, 2010). Hence dispersants are used as catalysts in the physical breakdown of oil spills into smaller volumes so that the oil may be easily absorbed in the water (Hazen, 2010). The process uses the basic principle of physics that it is easier to dissolve small substrate particles into a solvent than larger particles (see appendix, fig 4). This principle holds because the smaller particles have increased surface area. This is because oil does not break down as quickly as such. Chemical dispersants can be deployed underwater near the source of the leaks in offshore oil rigs. This helps in preventing the crude oil from rising to the surface. Currently this method is used but it is still undergoing extensive studies in relation to its impacts on the deepwater ecology (Kaufman, 2010). However th is method is quite disadvantageous since the dispersants used are harmful to marine and aquatic organisms. In 2007, there was a research on the use of dispersants as methods of oil clean up. This study was actually done in Israel. It was revealed that the mixture of crude oil and dispersants is more dangerous to marine and aquatic organisms (Hazen, 2010). The actual studies showed that coral reefs would be better of in absorbing raw crude oil than this mixture. The other effect of dispersants is the likelihood of contamination of sea foods. However this issue is still being studied. Biological agents Biological agents are used to clean up crude oil that has already found its way to the shores. Oil leaks reach the shore when a tanker sinks, or when an oil refinery which is situated at the coast begins to leak. There are also some situations when oil spill tends to move towards the coastal regions. This prompts the use of biological agents. Biological agents are the microorganisms tha t are used to break down substances into organic or natural substances (Hazen, 2010). They are involved in either aerobic or anaerobic respiration to produce fatty acids and carbon dioxide. This method is used whereby when an oil spill occurs near a shoreline, fertilizers are applied on the oil. The purpose of the fertilizer is to speed up growth of microorganisms so as to aerobically or anaerobically manufacture organic components by the breakdown of this oil. Currently there are companies which sell microbes that eat oil. This process is called bioremediation (Miami herald, 2010). An example of some of the oil-eating microorganisms is Alkanivorax borkumensis. These are described as some of the smallest living organisms which can have a powerful impact on the prevention of oil slicks. These microbes occur in water naturally whereby they eat up oil in water to produce carbon dioxide as a bi product (Miami herald, 2010). Use of oil booms This is the most basic method to respond to an oil spill. A boom is a brightly colored long fabric (see appendix, fig. 3). It has a filler attached on its length and. It also has a heavy chain or ballast. The heave chain or ballast causes it to sink while the filler causes it to float on water. Its bright color enables the crew to recognize a break along its length and also helps in the recovery process. The surface of the boom is made so that splash-over may be reduced whereas the bottom part is made in a way that will prevent the captured oil from leaking back into the water (Graham, 2010). The method may however become difficult to use alone especially when the oil spill has been dispersed over a large area so that it becomes difficult for circular containment. The use of skimmers This technique is used to remove oil spills especially in slow moving waters, sheltered waters or at the shores. The oil must be at the surface. The main principle of operation of this method is the use of adhesive property of oil (see appendix, fi g. 1). In physics it is a well known fact that oil will stick to any surface passing though it. These machines employ gravity, suction and rotation as the main principle of mechanical operation for motion to be achieved (Graham, 2010). The working principles of the machines for the purposes are: It renders a continuous surface so that the spilled oil can cling to. The surface is then cleaned And the cycle is repeated. Skimmers come in various types which include: Belt skimmers Brush skimmers Mop skimmers and Floating solution skimmers. The use of separators Oil may be harbored in water as free oil, emulsified or even as dissolved oil. Free oil is the oil which exists in the size of 20 microns. Oil which is less than 20 microns is called emulsified oil while dissolved oil has completely dissolved in water. The oil globules are moved to the surface of the separator vertically by virtue of their density compared to the density of water (see appendix fig. 2). The separators use prin ciples of centripetal and centrifugal forces to separate oil from the water (Graham, 2010). The mixture of oil and water is spun so that they may separate since they have different densities. When the fluid in question enters the separator, a strong current is created. This current causes outflow of higher density water while the lower density oil sucks in the separator. At the end of this pipe, the water and the oil are collected separately (Graham, 2010). It is worth noting that oil spill clean up is never an easy task. Due to this reason, a combination of two or more of the methods discussed above becomes necessary. For instance when there is a large oil slick which threatens the coast, the combined use of booms and dispersants is employed to quicken the clean up. Oil leaks which threaten to infiltrate the coast or those which occur at the coast are usually trickier to deal with. These situations therefore, will require delicate methods to do the clean up (Clark, 2010). Another w ay which can help during the clean up process is drilling a well near the oil leak. This helps relieve the pressure of the gushing oil which in turn reduces the volume of the oil spill. The methods has been used lately by the BP company in the recent clean up of the gulf oil leak in the Mexican coast (BBC, 2010). Recommendations and conclusions As it has been seen in the study, recommendations on the advancement of technology to solve this issue have to be considered. Better tankers need to be designed and built in order to prevent oil spills. Better drilling machines which are more resistant to breakage should be invented. High quality pipes that are more resistant to corrosion should be manufactured to prevent oil leakages. Minimization of oil spills during discharge and loading should be enhanced. High tech facilities should be employed in clean ups should the incidences occur. In conclusion, this project has highlighted the main types of oil spills and how the oceanic oil spills can be cleaned up. These main types are oceanic oil spills and land oil spills. From the report it is evident that oil spills on land are more manageable than oil spills in the oceanic fronts. Oceanic oil spills cause a great environmental hazard hence cleans up exercise needs to be followed immediately in occurs. The methods of cleaning up oil spills in the ocean are grouped into natural methods and artificial methods. Natural methods involve the use of sunlight, wind waves and ocean currents to oblige dissolution of the oil. Artificial methods include the use of machinery such as booms, separators, skimmers and dispersants for oil clean ups. The input of organic agent into this exercise is also grouped under this category (Hazen, 2010). As a summary to the aims of this report, the causes of oil spills, clean up methods and analysis of each method discussed in this report is aimed at creating awareness. This awareness will impart on the concerned parties to enhance their goals suc h that every individual concerned or affected will not be victimized so as not to compromise their rights. APPENDIX: Figures of instrumentation methods used in cleaning up oil spills Figure 1: Diagram showing the types of skimmers Source: Graham, P (2010) Figure 2: Diagram of a separator used in cleaning oiled water Source: Graham, P (2010) Figure 3: Boom method Source: Graham, P (2010) Figure 4: Use of airplane to apply dispersant to an oil spill Source: Graham, P (2010) Reference List Clark, J. (2010). How Stuff Works, How do you clean up an oil spill? Web. Davidson, W, Lee, K Cogswell, A. (2006), Oil spill response: A global perspective. Published by Springer, 2006, pp 206-208. Graham, P. (2010). Deep Sea Oil Spill Cleanup Techniques: Applicability, Trade-offs and Advantages. Web. Hazen (2010), Interview with Science News, Caution Required for Gulf Oil Spill Clean-Up, Bioremediation Expert Says, 1995-2010. Kaufman, L (2010). The New York Times. New Technique Holds Hope for O il Spill Cleanup  Published: May 1, 2010. Miami herald (2010). Gulf Oil Spill, oil-eating microbes a possible solution. Web. Oracle, (2007). Think quest, education foundation. Web. Russell, L (2010). Alternative Cleanup Methods for Cleaning Oil Spills in Water. Web. This research paper on Best Methods for Oil Clean Ups was written and submitted by user 3-D Man to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

GloFish- Genetically Modified Organisms Essays

GloFish- Genetically Modified Organisms Essays GloFish- Genetically Modified Organisms Paper GloFish- Genetically Modified Organisms Paper GloFish: More than Just glowing. What is a GloFish? GloFish is a genetically modified animal, a fluorescent zebra fish. It is made and then advertised by Yorktown technologies. It is a genetically modified organism (or GMO). The fish got the fluorescence from a red fluorescent protein from a sea anemone under the myosin light peptide 2 genes of zebra fish. The new green colored fish got is color from the extracted Green Fluorescent Protein that is taken from one Jellyfish species called Aequorea victoria. These fish are beneficial for a lot of things including the economy, environment and the entertainment of the people. Some genetically modified organism has contributed to help a global or local problem that is going on. The GloFish was originally developed so it can detect pollutants in water. This new revolution promises to help in the fght against diseases and helps improve peoples lives and environment. So GloFish is really helpful for the environment. It helps detect whenever there is something wrong in the water they are in. This creates a safer environment for living creatures. The fluorescent colors acts as a switch in the fish to activate some of its tissues. This will make it able to espond to the presence of chemicals. : These chemicals include heavy metals, toxins and estrogen through the variety of gene promoters. Scientists believe that they can have more colors in the fish that will allow easier detection for more variety of chemicals. These genetically modified fishes have been effective in the fght against pollution. As you know, all living organisms they depend on water and when a water source is polluted, it affects the organism itself. So this is really helping living things to sustain their life. How does this fish help economy? It helps the company; Yorktown technologies ain a lot of money. GloFish has a wide range of market throughout the US, and is basically sold everywhere. GloFish also has an environmental factor. GloFish causes no harm to the environment, even if they did the chances of it is very little. To make sure of it, the company gives each and every fish a testing before it is being sent out in public. If there is something in the making of the fish that failed and might have a cause in the environment it wont be put in public. A non-fluorescing fish will signal that the water is safe, while a fluorescing fish will signal trouble. This will help fght against pollution and countless diseases that came from a bad water source. In an ethical factor, GloFish are good. They infuse the protein into one of the first GloFishes as they were growing in the embryo. All the fish now, they inherit the fluorescence from their parents rather than having to insert the protein in the fish every time. The creatures from which the fluorescence protein has been taken form remains unharmed, as they only need a tiny bit of a sample from them. In some ways, genetically modified organisms are wrong. Some people believe that they are playing od by changing the features of the creatures that god created, but since this is for a good cause, and is popular to people and the environment it would have no ethical problems. In conclusion, GloFish is a genetically modified Zebra fish. These GloFishes got their fluorescence from the fluorescent color protein found in some sea animals, like Jellyfish. They are really colorful and sold as a pet to people. It is beneficial for water pollution. It helps detect if a water source is polluted or not. So, GloFish is a very helpful creature, which is both entertaining and helpful to mankind. Green Fluorescent Protein The GFP Site. Green Fluorescent Protein Conncoll, n. d. Web. 16 Sept. 2012. GLOFISH, THE FIRST GM ANIMAL COMMERCIALIZED: PROFITS AMID The GFP Site. CONTROVERSY. GLOFISH, THE FIRST GM ANIMAL COMMERCIALIZED: PROFITS AMID CONTROVERSY. ISB, n. d. web. 16 sept. 2012.. GloFish?„@ Fluorescent Fish Ethical Principles. GloFish?„@ Fluorescent Fish Ethical Principles. GloFish, n. d. Web. 16 Sept. 2012.. GloFish?„@ Fluorescent Fish FAQ. GloFish?„@ Fluorescent Fish FAQ. GloFish, n. d. Web. 16 sept. 2012. Gloash. Gloash. pagemac, 19 Feb. 2004. web. 20 sept. 2012.

Obesity and personal responsability Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obesity and personal responsability - Thesis Example However, over the past few years, this move has not been much successful and hence the decision to encourage individuals towards taking personal responsibility for reducing obesity was taken up by the government. Based on this move of the government, this research paper is initiated and is aimed towards resolving answer to the research question which is as follows: Is obesity can be really termed as a personal responsibility of the individuals? The research paper will be validated if the government’s move towards redefining obesity as a personal responsibility can be evaluated to be successful. Finding Solution to the Research Question During the year 2004, the â€Å"Personal Responsibility in Food Consumption Act† was passed by the House of Representatives aiming towards prohibiting the lawsuits which are held by the restaurants and this would make the restaurants responsible for the obesity of their customers. After this act was passed, a representative from the Department of Health and Human Services insisted the government to include the factor of personal responsibility rather than bringing changes to the policies. The inclusion of the personal responsibility factor was then started to be initiated by the government through various inventiveness like that of launching various advertisement campaigns for encouraging people to be more mobile and suffer from less fatigue with lesser fatty foods. The government’s move towards the creation of healthy environment within the country was supported by various people as they were of the opinion that the motive was to encourage healthy options for appetite and not discouraging the freedom of selecting food. After the move of the government, various psychologists even indulged themselves in making the people learn the most effective techniques of changing their behavior towards consumption of healthy foods. But the success of these aspects is doubtful as evident from the lower percentage of people doing regular fitness exercise and they are merely involved in any structured activity. Since the government initiated the move towards inducing personal responsibility in obesity, is has been argued that the move cannot become successful. One important reason behind this is the people’s preferences for food based on the biological aspect inside their body. The biologically diverse pattern among the humans influences them to p refer certain food such as sweets to other foods such as spicy and vice versa with lots of other preferable choices (Sallis, â€Å"Obesity: Is personal responsibility the answer?†). There has been presence of various articles defining the people’s irresponsibility as the most vital reason of obesity since the government’s move towards either eradicating or reducing the same. With regards to these articles’ arguments, one might expect evidences of irresponsible nature of the people towards obesity. But the actual data reveals something opposite to the expectation. The following two figures explain the effectiveness of the government’s social move towards the aim of reducing obesity within the country. Figure 1: Trends in case of adolescent Figure 2: Trends in case of adults The above figures showing the trends in the movement of responsible nature

Use of Financial Ratios Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Use of Financial Ratios - Essay Example The paper is an attempt to analyze the accuracy of the statement of Lev and Sunder using some evidences taken from real world, especially by doing the cross sectional analysis of financial ratios. Use of Financial Ratios Financial ratios are used to measure a company’s financial condition or to analyze between two companies’ financial condition. All the stakeholders of the company have interest in company’s future, that is how the company would perform in the short term or long term future, how much it is secure to invest in the company, what type of change should be introduce so that the company can perform better. When an investor wants to take the decision to invest money, certainly he wants to invest it in the most effective company, the decision he can take by using the financial ratio analysis along with other type of analysis like qualitative analysis or other type of quantitative analysis. Critical Analysis Ratio analysis is a very widely used tool for analyze the financial stability of a firm. But there are certain problems arise when the analyst don’t take the associated factors in consideration. When the analyst is doing the performance analysis of two companies, they should remind that two companies can follow two different accounting policies. There is no single accounting standard which is being followed by the companies all over the world. (Fischer, Taylor and Cheng, 2008, p.505). The taxation rules of different states, different countries vary over the world. The inflation over the world is different. A multinational company has to face different taxation policy, different inflation over the world. So when a researcher is analyzing the performance of a company using ratio analysis, he should take these factors in account. There are also technical factors associated with the analysis. Many statistical tools which are being used in ratio analysis are based on the assumption that the data are normally distributed, but in reality that doesn’t happened. For identifying the financial indicators specifically for Critically Access Hospitals the Flex Monitoring Team used 114 financial ratios as their part of research. But they found many problems when research about the industry, like Hospitals with negative current Assets or negative current liabilities was excluded from the calculation of median, but that should be i ncluded when researching about the liquidity of the industry (Flex Monitoring Team, 2005, p.17-18). A research study was performed by taking 66 listed Malaysian firms’ data for the period 1980 to 1996. The forms were taken from 3 sectors industrial sector, mixed industry and combination of industrial and property sector. From the research it has been seen that only current asset percent was conformed to normal distribution. For doing the ratio analysis effectively three type of transformation techniques were used namely square, square root and natural log. When the square and square root property were used they were found as not effective, because the variables of the ratio analysis are not normally distributed. But natural log technique is proved effective by the researcher as the process considers that the data available is not normal. The researcher proved through the research that when a ratio analysis is being performed to analyze the performance of a company or comparab le analysis between two companies is done then they should address the proportionality effect on the ratio’s normality (Sori et al., 2006, p.71-81). From a survey done on U.S.A. firms it is clear a ratio can

Ethical And Social Issues Of The Healthcare Assignment

Ethical And Social Issues Of The Healthcare - Assignment Example From an ethics perspective, there are many in global society that adheres to the principles of deontology, an ideology that states it is the primary obligation of society members to sustain respect and commitment for others while working to effectively promote the well-being of humans (Mack, 1998). Additionally, Hume (2002) offers that it should be a guiding principle, abound of duty, that society should seek to maximize the utility of others, or the pursuit of maximizing one’s satisfaction and the fulfillment of their needs (Roberts, 2011). Furthermore, the United Nations has defined as inalienable protections from degrading or cruel treatment and the right to avoid exploitation by society or government. Individuals in the society that do not have adequate resources to receive adequate healthcare are exposed to cruelty as they are denied treatment and illness prevention services which have implications for sustaining their well-being and even social status. Healthcare should not be limited to individuals who have ample financial capital, which is the primary definition of privilege. Healthcare is a right because, without it, it exploits an individual, leaves a person in a degrading social position, and does not improve their personal utility which is a fundamental obligation of an ethical society. The United Nations, an organization consisting of 193 different member nations, has established a charter indicating a set of universal human rights that should ensure no individual in global society be exploited by society or government (Fomerand, 2009). Individuals who are denied health care are absolutely being exploited, oppressed by capitalistic systems in which the value of money outweighs the value of human life. With the majority of the world adopting the ideology of capitalism, a system in which capital goods and services (namely healthcare) are exchanged for the price (Degen, 2008), many individuals in society are compared to pricing mechanisms which forbid access to important services as a result of sustaining minimal resources.

Should obese people pay more for medical treatment

Should obese people pay more for medical treatment Obesity is an incredibly expensive disease, both for the patients and the hospitals. Aside from being a disease which is associated with many further complications and problems, which themselves lead to an increased cost, this disease also requires costly medication and specialised equipment for diagnosis and treatment. This results in a condition which has proven extremely costly to nearly all parties involved. It has been reported that  £47 million was spent purely on anti-obesity drugs in the fiscal year of 06 to 07.1 This figure, coupled with the fact that the prevalence of adult obesity in the U.K. is above 20 per cent and set to rise10, signifies the incredible cost associated with this disease and, in turn, highlights the growing problem of obesity on a social and economic scale. Its a problem that cant be ignored, and throughout the course of this paper I will attempt to weigh and evaluate both sides of the argument; Should obese people pay more for medical treatment?, in o rder to find a resolution. First, before jumping in to the crux of the question, it is imperative to establish the importance of the NHS as well as its core principles, in order to allow a fully in-depth analysis of the question at hand. The NHS, which is the primary healthcare provider in Great Britain, was set up in 1948 with one of its key principles being; the health service will be available to all and financed entirely from taxation, which means that people pay into it according to their means.2 It is important to stress the word all in the sentence. This word refers to the nation as a whole, regardless of their medical condition. The importance of the NHS clearly cant be stated enough, a nationwide health service which aims to treat all without directly taking money from the patients, is vital to maintaining the infrastructure of the country. It would seem then that the very nature of this question would oppose the core principles established in the set-up of the NHS, however in the recent light of the current economic situation and even proposed budget cuts3, the question raised could one day become a reality. It is important to first define and explain obesity ahead of tackling the ethical dilemma which is the title of this paper. One definition would simply be too much body fat on an individual, while this is somewhat accurate, it is also incredibly basic and not at all scientific. The BMI (body mass index) measurement is one of the most straightforward and useful techniques to establish the condition of obesity. The BMI is calculated by correlating a relationship between the height and weight of an individual, it is used by many organisations around the world such as WHO and NHS. The formula for calculating the BMI is: The results gained from the BMI can be classified in table 1 in order to specify the particular weight class of an individual. Classification BMI (kg/m2) Principal cut-off points Additional cut-off points Underweight Severe thinness Moderate thinness 16.00 16.99 16.00 16.99 Mild thinness 17.00 18.49 17.00 18.49 Normal range 18.50 24.99 18.50 22.99 23.00 24.99 Overweight à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥25.00 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥25.00 Pre-obese 25.00 29.99 25.00 27.49 27.50 29.99 Obese à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥30.00 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥30.00 Obese class I 30.00 34.99 30.00 32.49 32.50 34.99 Obese class II 35.00 39.99 35.00 37.49 37.50 39.99 Obese class III à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥40.00 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥40.00 Table 1. adapted from WHO While the use of the body mass index to calculate a persons weight class is used worldwide it has a fair number of shortcomings and flaws. For instance, this table of classification for BMI is not gender specific, so it is applied the same for both males and females equally, as well as this, it also doesnt account for weight distribution in individuals nor is it possible to consider bone or muscle mass, both of which are heavier than fat. These problems will hold more significance later in this essay while discussing how obesity should be defined. Obesity is caused by a variety of different factors. These include genetic susceptibility, socio-environmental factors, malfunctioning appetite regulation or may also be a cause of other diseases, such as Cushings syndrome.7 While it was previously thought that obesity was caused by a lack of willpower or a lifestyle choice, more recent studies have discovered that obesity is a chronic disease, involving a number of different biochemical and metabolic processes compared to individuals who arent obese.8 As stated previously, obesity is linked to many more serious health conditions and illnesses. Examples of these include diabetes mellitus, increased cholesterol, coronary heart disease and hypertension amongst many others.7 It is important to discuss the seriousness of these resulting conditions in order to fully comprehend the fatality of obesity. Diabetes mellitus (otherwise known as type II diabetes) is a serious condition which occurs when the body either does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not properly react to the insulin produced. This condition is said to affect approximately 2 million people across England and Wales, supposedly with a further 750, 000 unaware that they have this condition.4 Type II diabetes can also lead to kidney disease, nerve damage or even strokes. Coronary heart disease is another serious condition which can be caused because of obesity, which affects almost 300, 000 people a year in the U.K.11 There are multiple actions that can be taken in an attempt to treat or cure obesity. These include dietary therapy in order to regulate the number of calories taken in by an individual, and to maintain that over a long-term period. Other methods which may be used in conjunction with this may be increased exercise, to burn off calories, weight loss surgery, such as gastric band surgery or possibly drug therapy, which is often used as a last resort. It should be noted that not one of these methods are able to fully treat obesity alone, instead they must be used in unison depending on the severity of the disease and also the individuals diagnosed with them. It apparent that obesity is an incredibly complicated disease in terms of the causes, secondary factors and treatments, all of which contribute towards a confusion regarding the nature of obesity in the minds of the public as well as upping the cost due its many treatment techniques, none of which can be considered 100 per cent effective. This encompasses all of the aspects of the disease, which is often described as an epidemic, as its a growing concern, and the economic burden attached is sure to evoke strong opinions regarding the question of this paper. Now that the importance of the health care system has been established and the medical significance of obesity has been recognised, the essay question itself can be discussed. The initial views on this topic are polarising, with some instantly believing that the obese should pay more for the disease that theyve inflicted upon themselves, believing that it is unfair that the rest of the nation should pay the cost. Others believe that they shouldnt pay the financial cost, stating that the NHS was set up to help all, despite whether or not their condition is self caused. The argument can even be pushed further, extrapolating that smokers, drinkers and even athletes would also have to pay for the medical costs for their diseases or injuries, because, by that same logic, these conditions are also self inflicted. Although there are certainly some truths to be had in these two contrasting opinions, the two sides of the argument will be investigated and examined on the grounds of ethicality, societal and fairness in an attempt to bring about some form of a resolve on this controversial topic. One of the primary factors for the argument for obese people having to finance the treatment of their medical condition is that the disease they are burdened with is self inflicted, which is to say that they literally brought it on themselves, so should therefore have to deal with the consequences. While there is some validity in this argument, it isnt quite as black and white as it may initially sound, with many further complexities set to arise. Those that oppose this argument, are likely to call discrimination, as this ideology that separates a certain type of people from the rest and forces them pay more, which is highly unjust. Also, by this same reasoning, and in the issue of fairness, other patients with self inflicted disease should also have to pay more for conditions and illnesses which they have brought upon themselves. Such conditions would include lung cancer for smokers, liver disease for those who drink as well as injuries to sports players and athletes, as these are a ll, to some degree, self inflicted. A counter point to this counter point would be that smokers and drinkers already pay more through an increased tax for the drugs (i.e. cigarettes and alcohol) which lead to the individual diseases, so an alternative, or possibly in addition, to forcing obesity patients to have to pay for medical treatments would be to raise the tax on foods with an increased calorie count. This may also be used to deter away from choosing these unhealthy foods as well as generate income from those who cost the NHS so much money in its treatment for obesity. However, this would result that members in the public that fall in to the normal weight range would also have to pay the increased tax for these same foods, if they choose to occasionally indulge. This, at first glance, seems like a fair compromise, as smokers who dont cost the NHS with treatment for smoking related disease still have to pay the tax on cigarettes, however, the idea comes full circle that people who arent obese are still having to pay lifestyles of the obese, indirect as it may be, which is one of the main points evoking the question at hand. There is evidence to suggest that those who are obese are also more likely to be in lower paid jobs, and as such, have less expendable income. This may be because those with lower income are more likely to live in poorer areas and where healthier, more nutritious foods arent as readily available or outside of their budget. This may also be due to a discrimination present against people who are obese and overweight. Employers may be more likely to hire those who arent overweight as they see their ability to resist overeating or staying in shape as a good quality in what Acs, Lyles and Stanton (2007) describe as a willingness to delay gratification. Whatever the reason may be for the correlation between being overweight and having lower income, the fact remains that the lack of capital possessed by the obese population would prove to be incredibly troublesome if obese people were to finance their medical treatment in this manner. The case for increasing the tax of unhealthy foods may b e less applicable as it may push both healthy foods and unhealthy foods out of reach for poorer and obese population financially. To overcome this, healthier foods have to be made cheaper and more widespread, which may again be difficult given the nature to produce healthier and organic foods are likely to cost more. Even so, it would seem any loss made would surely help the NHS spend less on obesity, which, in the 2007, was estimated at  £4.2 billion.6 The basis for this particular argument is on essentially boils down to the thought that obese people are obese solely because of their own doings, which many people believe to be an accurate portrayal of reality. However, this statement by no means holds true to the complete population of obese people. There is a genetic link associated with obesity, with the inheritable risk of obesity thought to be approximately 30%.7 Many genes have been found that code for weight control hormones, and a defect in these genes may be passed on the offspring, thereby increasing the chance of obesity in that child.5 This would bring about many more questions and dilemmas concerning the topic at hand. For instance, what if the cause for obesity was mainly genetic as opposed to being environmental? Should the patient still pay more even though, by definition, this type of obesity isnt necessarily self-inflicted? Some may answer this question by stating that those with genetic factors shouldnt pay, howe ver, what if both social and biological factors play an equal role in the cause of an individuals obesity? Or, further expanding on the idea that those found to have the genetic link shouldnt pay, how would the obesity genes be examined in the patient? Genetic testing may be carried out, but performing these tests on the entire to obese population in order to determine who should pay these costs would itself be costly, therefore being counter-productive where one of the primary aims of the question raised is to cut back on money being spent. There are also further complications regarding this wide held belief that obesity is self-inflicted. Are cases where individuals are driven to high calorie, comfort foods because of bullying or depression, be considered self-inflicted? Also, who should pay the cost for cases of childhood obesity? While some may point the fingers at the parents, one would have to ask if that is at all fair. For instance, parents arent sentenced for the crimes that their children commit. Evidence exists which associates an addiction to eating (as well as other addictions) with mental illnesses.9 Should these cases also have to pay for medical treatment themselves? By this same merit should schizophrenics and patients with other mental conditions have to finance their treatment? There are a host of other problems and issues which are presented if this question is to be seriously considered. The question of affordability and practicality surely arises when applying the theoretical question to a real-world scenario. If obese patients were to pay directly for their medication, surgery or weight-loss programs then how much should be charged? It would surely have to be a fairly significant amount as the cost of obesity itself is already at an extremely costly figure.6 Having to pay for medical treatment may create a divide between patients who can and cant afford the costs, possibly adding another level of discrimination. And what if patients are unable to meet the expense of these bills? Should they be denied treatment? Anything beyond entertaining this idea would bring about huge moral dilemmas, as the hospitals would essentially be playing God, deciding who lives and dies, based purely on their financial background. Also, the practicality of such a situation is likely to bring up further complications, with one question being; how should it be charged? The NHS wasnt set up to accept payments in this particular manner, so how could this be accomplished? Would the patients need to pay before their medication or surgery? If so, and the patient does not pay, it will again bring up the concept of denying treatment to patients. There is also the possibility that patients would pay post-surgery. But if they refuse to pay or cant afford it, then some form of policing body would need to be enforced to ensure these payments are made. While this will cost more money, again a problem given the nature of the question is to decrease the money spent, it also sends out an image of the NHS reminiscent of some sort of mobster loan shark. Another issue when considering this subject is the concept of defining obesity. Earlier I have stated the use of the BMI system to define obesity the world over, as well as outlining its fundamental flaws. A concern with defining obesity with the use of the BMI scale is that the differences between being classified as overweight or obese may literally be a few inches in height or a few kilograms in weight. This may very well create scenarios where a person may be a few inches shorter than another who is the same weight having to pay more for treatment. This could possibly be countered by measuring obesity by more methods than simply BMI alone, which is currently in place to diagnose obesity by the NHS. Other methodologies may also have to be in place in order to diagnose or differentiate between different classes of obesity. These could possibly include calculating the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), Waist circumference (WCR) and Skinfold thickness.7 together these allows for a more accura te representation of a patients physical status, allowing to charge for medical treatment accordingly, if that path were to be taken. It is clear that any attempt to find a solution to this question brings up series of arguments and counter points which negate and nullify each other, and instead of establishing a concrete plan of action, it would seem that the wisest and safest bet would be to sit on the fence. My personal opinion on the matter would be to increase the tax of unhealthy foods and make healthier foods readily available and at an affordable price as well as pushing for a more active lifestyle, something akin to the change4life scheme recently set up by the government. Though this isnt without flaws, it certainly seems to reach a form of middle ground in term of ethics and equality. One of the main aims of the NHS was to treat all patients who pay tax, so forcing a section of people to pay more, regardless of whether or not the condition is self inflicted, opposes its key ideologies as well as being highly discriminatory. My proposed plan of action is certainly more subdued and the benefits of which wo uld only be realised after a longer period of time, however, it strikes a fair balance between staying true to the NHS philosophy, equality for all an attempt to treat obesity and healthy lifestyle. The report should be similar in overall style to the topic discussed in Nelsons Issue II (Human Organ Transplantation) above. Another example for style could be a Scientific American article (e.g. How breast milk protects newborn (December, 1995) by J. Newman, pp58-61). The essay should cover the basic science, including recent developments and ongoing research, but should focus on examination of the ethical, social and legal issues related to the topic. 1.More than a million anti-obesity prescriptions were issued in England in the last financial year at a cost of  £47million. It means about 88,000 people could be on a course of treatment. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23406735-pills-not-the-answer-to-obesity-says-top-doctor.do 2. http://www.nhs.uk/NHSEngland/thenhs/nhshistory/Pages/NHShistory1948.aspx 3. http://www.nhs.uk/NHSEngland/thenhs/nhshistory/Pages/NHShistory1948.aspx http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8012588.stm 4. http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes-type2/Pages/Introduction.aspx 5. Bouchard 1994 6. http://www.healthcarerepublic.com/news/934442/Cost-obesity-NHS-England-rise-62-billion/ Acs  : 9781845425005 , obesity, business and public policy. 7. Tomlinson 8. brock 9. truth mental illness: 9780757301070 10. http://www.who.int/infobase/report.aspx?rid=118iso=GBRDef_Code=cd.0701Survey_Year_End=2005genGraphButton=Generate+Graph 11. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Coronary-heart-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx?url=Pages/What-is-it.aspx red: expand blue: unsure

Borgmann’s Proposal to Reform Technology Essay -- Philosophy Albert Bo

Borgmann’s Proposal to Reform Technology Albert Borgmann follows the general project by Heidegger to see how technology has harmful effects on humanity and to determine how it can be reformed. Borgmann shares Heidegger’s view that modern technology is starkly different from premodern technology in its pattern of disclosing the world to human beings. Borgmann agrees that a sort of ethical reform must be undertaken to limit technological ways of living from dominating the lives of individuals and to keep technology in its place. His proposal for a direction of reform first takes cues from Heidegger but then asserts the need for different tactics. First, we look at Borgmann’s chapter "Focal Things and Practices." Here he names the things that matter in directing human lives "focal." Focal things contribute to the direction and ordering of one’s life in a productive way, and they disclose the world and illuminate the context of themselves and their related life activities. He actually uses a lot of verbs to convey the sense of focus with which he is concerned, so no one terse definition is given. Borgmann agrees with Heidegger that the simple kinds of things are those that focus a gathering of information about the world and benefit human beings by highlighting important life concerns, though he thinks that Heidegger sees the use of these things as too much an escape from technology rather than an affirmation of it. These simple, focal things are premodern objects, such as Heidegger’s example of an earthen jug, or even activities. The jug gathers and discloses the world because it is made of the earth and is used to store wine from grapes that grow in the earth; furthermore, the jug is used in the human context of tradition, ... ... things and practices are without being misguided by the level of a thing’s technological complexity. It seems that if focal practices engage certain elements but technology does not in principle exclude those elements, both of which Borgmann agrees, then it is not necessary to maintain Borgmann’s criticism of modern technological things. His concern is the pattern in which technology is currently engaged, and he has not at all made it clear how the troublesome disunities and commodities are necessarily related to the products of modern technology. We need to find the essential features of focal concerns and apply them to a reform proposal without Borgmann’s intermediate complications. Bibliography Borgmann, Albert. "Focal Things and Practices." Philosophy of Technology. Ed. Robert C. Scharff and Val Dusek. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2003. 293-312.